B1 - Reflexive Pronouns 8

Reflexive Pronouns Grammar

🪞Reflexive Pronouns

🎯Reflexive pronouns are words we use when the subject and the object of the sentence are the same person or thing.

💭They are like saying: "I do something to myself" or "She does something to herself."

📋Reflexive Pronouns List

Subject
Reflexive Pronoun
I
myself
You
yourself
He
himself
She
herself
It
itself
We
ourselves
You (plural)
yourselves
They
themselves

When Do We Use Reflexive Pronouns?

1️⃣When the subject does something to itself

  • 🔪"I cut myself while cooking."
  • 🪞"She looked at herself in the mirror."

Common mistake for Brazilians: Using a reflexive pronoun when the subject and object are different people.

"I cut myself my brother." ❌ → WRONG
"I cut my brother." ✔ → CORRECT

2️⃣To show emphasis (emphatic use)

  • 🎂"I myself made this cake." → emphasizes that I did it alone
  • 👨‍💼"The president himself visited the school."

Mistake: Confusing emphasis with reflexive meaning

"I made myself the cake." ❌ → This means "I made the cake for myself," not emphasizing that I did it alone

3️⃣With certain verbs that usually take reflexive pronouns

  • 🎉enjoy yourself
    → divirta-se
  • 🍽️help yourself
    → sirva-se
  • 👋introduce yourself
    → apresente-se
  • 🏆pride yourself on
    → orgulhar-se de
  • 😇behave yourself
    → comporte-se

Mistake: Using "me" instead of "myself"

"I enjoyed me." ❌ → WRONG
"I enjoyed myself." ✔ → CORRECT

4️⃣With prepositions to show the action is done alone or independently

  • 👩‍💼"She did it by herself." → She did it alone
  • 🏠"They built the treehouse themselves." → They did it alone

🇧🇷Important Notes for Brazilian Learners

  • Never use reflexive pronouns when the subject and object are different people
    ❌ "I washed myself my hands." → WRONG
    ✔ "I washed my hands." → CORRECT
  • 🐱"Itself" is used for animals or things
    "The cat cleaned itself."
    ❌ "The cat cleaned herself." → WRONG (because cats are not "she" in English grammar)
  • 📝Do not drop reflexive pronouns with verbs that require them
    ❌ "Enjoy!" (when you mean "Enjoy yourself") → WRONG
    ✔ "Enjoy yourself!" → CORRECT

Quick Examples

  • I hurt myself while playing football.
  • 📚He taught himself English.
  • 👥We made this project ourselves.
  • 🍰You can help yourself to some cake.
  • 🎨She decorated the room herself.